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|style="width:50%;"|{{santable_new|
sys1=[[Waterless System with Urine Diversion|4]]|
sys2=[[Biogas System |5]]|sys3=|[[Sewerage System with Urine Diversion |89]]|sys3=|
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sys7=|
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pic=Jerrycan_tank.png|
ApplHousehold=XX|
Input1=Urine|Input2= Stored Urine|Input3= | Input4= |Input5=|
Output1=Stored Urine|Output2=Urine | Output3= | Output4= | Output5=
}}
|[[Image:Jerrycan_tank.png |right|300px]]
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[[Image:Icon_jerrycan_tank.png |right|95px80px]]'''Jerrycans are light, plastic containers that are readily available and can be easily carried by one person and are readily available. When sealed, they can be used to safely store or transport urine easily and without spills. In case separated urine cannot be used near the point of production, it can be transported in a Jerrycan or tank to a central collection/storage facility or to agricultural land for application.'''
<br>{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="centernone" width="100%"
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! width="50%" style="background:#efefef;" | Advantages
! style="background:#ffdeadf0f8ff;" | Disadvantages
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| valign="top" |- Very low capital and operating costs. <br>
- Jerrycans are widely available and robust<br>- Very low capital and operating costs<br>- Potential for local job creation and income generation. <br>- Easy to clean and reusable. <br>- Low risk of pathogen transmission.| valign="top" |- Heavy to carry. <br>- Spills may happen.<br>- Mild to strong odour when filling and emptying jerrycans (depending on storage conditions)
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===Appropriateness===
A well-sealed jerrycan is an effective way of transporting urine over short distances. It is inexpensive, easy to clean and reusable. This type of transport is only appropriate for areas where the points of generation and use (i.e., homes and fields) are close together, and where relatively small quantities of urine are produced. Otherwise, a more formalized and efficient collection and distribution system is necessary. For compounds or communities with urine-diverting systems, for example, it may be more appropriate to have a large urine storage tank that can be emptied by such means as [[Motorized Emptying and Transport | Motorized Emptying and Transport]] (C.3). Jerrycans can be used in cold environments (where urine freezes) as long as they are not completely filled. In warmer months the stored urine can be used when it is needed for agriculture.
==Adequacy=Health Aspects/Acceptance=== A well-sealed Jerrycan The people who exchange or empty jerrycans incur low health risks because urine is an effective way of transporting urine short distancesnormally sterile. It is inexpensive, easy to clean and re-useableCarrying jerrycans also poses little health risk as they seal very well. This type of transport is only appropriate for areas where While carrying a jerrycan may not be the points of generation and use (i.e. home and field) are close togethermost pleasant activity, otherwise a it is likely to be more formalized collection convenient and distribution system is necessaryless costly than emptying a pit.
===Operation & Maintenance=== To minimize bacterial growth, sludge accumulation and unpleasant odours, jerrycans should be frequently washed. Because of safety concerns and difficulty with transporttransportation difficulties, no other liquids (such as blackwater or greywater) should be transported in Jerrycans ==Health Aspects/Acceptance== There should not be any health risks to those carrying a Jerrycan as urine is generally sterile and the Jerrycans seal well. While carrying a Jerrycan may not be the most pleasant activity, it is likely more convenient and less costly emptying a pit. In some locations, urine has an economic value and it may be collected from the household for freejerrycans. Families who invest the time to transport and use their own urine may be rewarded with increased agricultural production improving the families health and/or increasing their income. ==Upgrading==
===Upgrading===
If urine is viewed as a commodity, locally run businesses may collect and transport it for free or for a small fee.
==Maintenance=References = To minimize bacterial growth, sludge accumulation and unpleasant odours, Jerrycans should be washed frequently. ==References == * Austinvon Münch, AE. and Duncker L. (2002). Urine-diversion. Ecological Sanitation Systems in South Africa. CSIRWinker, Pretoria, South AfricaM. * GTZ (20052011). Technical data sheets for ecosan components- 01 Urine Diversion-Piping and Storage. GTZ, Germany. Available: [http://www.gtzsusana.de * Morgan, P. (2007). Toilets that make compost. Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. Available: http:org/_resources/documents/default/www2-875-giz2011-en-technology-review-urine-diversion.ecosanrespdf Technology Review of Urine Diversion Components.org * MorganOverview of Urine Diversion Components Such as Waterless Urinals, Urine Diversion Toilets, PUrine Storage and Reuse Systems]. Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (2004GIZ). An Ecological Approach to Sanitation in Africa: A Compilation of Experiences. AquamorGmbH, HarareEschborn, ZimbabweDE. Chapter 10: The usefulness of Urine. Available: http://www.ecosanres.org
* NWP (2006)Richert, A., Gensch, R. Smart Sanitation Solutions, Jönsson, H. Examples of innovative, low-cost technologies for toiletsStenström, collectionT. A., transportationand Dagerskog, treatment L. (2010). [https://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and use -publications/library/details/757 Practical Guidance on the Use of sanitation productsUrine in Crop Production]. Netherlands Water PartnershipEcoSanRes, Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, NetherlandsSE.
* SchonningRieck, C., von Münch, E. and StenstromHoffmann, TAH. (20042012). Guidelines for the Safe Use [https://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/874 Technology Review of Urine and Faeces in Ecological Sanitation Systems-Report 2004-1Diverting Dry Toilets (UDDTs). EcosanResOverview of Design, Stockholm Environment InstituteOperation, StockholmManagement and Costs]. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, SwedenEschborn, DE. Available: http://www.ecosanres.org
* Winblad, UWHO (2006). and Simpson-Herbert, M[https://www. (edswho.) (2004)int/water_sanitation_health/publications/gsuweg4/en/ Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater. Ecological Sanitation – revised Volume 4: Excreta and enlarged editionGreywater Use in Agriculture]. Stockholm Environment InstituteWorld Health Organization, StockholmGeneva, Sweden. Available: http://www.ecosanresCH.org
* WHO (2006). Guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, Excreta and Greywater- Volume 4: Excreta and Greywater use in agriculture. WHO, Geneva. Available: [http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/guidelines-on-sanitation-and-health/en/ WHO: Guidelines on sanitation and health - 2018]
===Acknowledgements===
{{:Acknowledgements Sanitation}}