Difference between revisions of "Ecological Sanitation for Rural Areas - School sanitation story from Tajikistan"

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[[File:Pupils washing hands in Navruz school.JPG|thumb|right|200px|Pupils washing hands in Navruz]]
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'''Country:''' Tajikistan
  
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'''Country:''' Kyrgyzstan
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=== Tajikistan: Ecological Sanitation for Rural Areas ===
  
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=== '''Sustainable School Sanitation (UDDT) in Ivanovka, Kyrgyzstan''' ===
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'''''Basic data:'''''
  
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'''Basic data:'''
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New UDDT were realised and equipped with handwashing facilities. NGO ASDP Nau involved the community and the children in all steps of the project. Thanks to the education measures and active students, the acceptance was raised.
  
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The UDD school toilets were built in the school No. 2, station Ivanovka, Chui region of Kyrgyzstan. The school has 550 pupils and 50 teachers. The toilets consist of 10 cabins: 6 cabins for girls and 4 cabins and 3 urinals for boys. The toilet design was developed by CEF UNISON together with the NGO "Alga". UNISON managed the construction works, while Alga organized trainings and information dissemination for the teachers, cleaning staff and pupils.
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'''''The project and the experiences:'''''
  
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'''Background:'''
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A student in rural Tajikistan reported about the typical situation in his school: “Our toilet, a pit latrine, is more than 30 years old and, as a result, half of the roof is missing, some parts of the wall are broken. When it rains it is not possible to use the toilet, because rain enters into the inside of the toilet and wooden floor, which was already old and rotten, became slippery. My classmate during her visit to the school toilet fell down to the toilet. Fortunately she wasn’t alone and her classmate helped her to get out.”
  
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In the school No 2. in Ivanovka, as in many other rural schools in Kyrgyzstan, conventional toilets are simple pit latrines. They smell badly and are very unpleasant for the users. A big drawback of such toilets is the risk for human health as a consequence of poor sanitation and environmental pollution. A new, alternative, sustainable toilet solution was proposed to the school: the Urine Diverting Dry (UDD) toilet. Ivanovka is suitable for such an innovative solution, as it is located close to Bishkek. The vicinity to the capital makes the new school toilet an easily accessible demonstration site for officials and other stakeholders. Here everyone can convince him- or herself that the used UDDT technology is an excellent alternative to both conventional pit latrines and costly flush toilets requiring costly sewerage and sewage treatment plants. For the construction of these public toilets, a number of permits are required: from the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station, the State Regulatory Architectural Agency and the Local Department of Architecture. In this way, the first step was made to introduce the UDD technology into the current environmental and architectural legislation of Kyrgyzstan.
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Due to the lack of toilet paper, students sometimes used stones or dried cow dung lying around the school building for anal cleansing which creates high risk for WASH related diseases such as helminth infections. During menstruation, the girls are especially in trouble as they do not have any privacy in these latrines.
  
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'''Toilet Design and Environmental Technology:'''
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The teachers reported that they did not drink in the morning to avoid going to the pit latrine during classes.
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[[File:Ablution facilities in the education center.JPG|thumb|right|200px|Ablution facilities in the education center]]
 
  
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The toilets are placed adjacent to the school building in such a way that a comfortable access from inside the school building is possible. There were installed six hand-washing sinks and a soil filter for greywater treatment. After separation, the faces are covered by adsorbing organic material, and stored in a special container placed below the cabins. Urine is stored in two 5 m3 underground tanks behind the cabins. The toilet rooms have both active and passive ventilation.
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The school director asked the local NGO Agency for Support Development Process Nau (ASDP Nau) to renovate the toilet. The installation of urine-diverting dry toilets (UDDT) in separated blocks for boys and girls were suggested by ASDP Nau as this technology has been proven to be suitable and sustainable.
  
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'''Development of Local Initiatives:'''
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The new UDDT were realised and equipped with handwashing facilities which led to a high satisfaction among both boys and girls. However, the improvements and privacy provided is more important to the girls of the school. Guzal, a female student, says: “Now we are happy that we have a good toilet. It is equipped with all the necessary items. There is water for washing hands and a hygienic space, which is very necessary for us, girls. The girls of our school didn’t come to school during the menstruation period, because they did not have a safe place to go, but now our new toilet has a door, a roof and girls are not afraid anymore to attend the school during the menstruation.”
  
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The NGO "Alga" conducted a series of trainings and seminars for pupils and teachers at the school that cover different environmental issues, from environmental protection to sanitation and hygiene, from food security to community development initiatives. An Ecological Club was formed among the activists of the school. Children themselves conducted seminars and workshops on sanitation and hygiene for their peers. With the support of the Alga, they held a drawing and photography contest devoted to environmental issues. During spring the members of the Ecological Club planted lilacs in the school yard and in summer they organized actions under the slogan ''"For our clean village!"''
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The school was able to find a local farmer willing to purchase the urine collected at the school. The income generated helps the school cover part of the cost of supplies including toilet paper and soap.
  
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'''Local financial support:'''
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ASDP Nau involved the community and the children in all steps of the project: informing, consulting, planning, implementation, monitoring, decision making process, management, etc. The design of the facility was developed in cooperation with an architect of the region, and the plan was approved by the relevant institutions. It is important to agree on responsibilities and duties of the school and a Memorandum of Understanding clarifying these issues is usually signed by the head of the local Jamoat (municipality), ASDP Nau, and representatives from the school, and the school receives the grant and is responsible for construction and maintenance of the sanitation facility.
  
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Aiyl okmotu (local authority) of Ivanovka donated a load of sand and gravel for construction of the school toilets. The regular cleaning of the UDD toilets is paid by the local budget ensuring the sustainability of the action.
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Still, it took time for students to get used to the new toilet because the use of a new type of toilet needs some time for acceptance, and education was an important part of that process. “It is a very sensitive issue. In one case we experienced that the students were too shy to go to the new school toilet as they were afraid to make it dirty so that they were still using the old pit latrine. Thanks to the education measures and active students, we could raise the acceptance,” says Surayo from ASDP Nau. Therefore she recommends the removal of former pit latrines in addition to awareness raising activities.
  
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'''Key lesson of the project:'''
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'''''The key lessons of the story:'''''
  
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For a long-run sustainability it was important to implement a technology, that was affordable for a school and take into account the local water supply. For the success, the cooperation with the local authority is needed.
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Especially school girls benefit from ecosan toilets and washing facilities in rural Tajikistan.
  
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=== Contribution to the SuSanA's sustainability criteria ===
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===Sustainability Criteria===
  
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'''Environment and natural resources:''' Greywater treatment was also solved within the project.http://akvopedia.org/s_SuSanA/images/b/bc/Pupils_in_front_of_the_education_center.JPG
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''Health and Hygiene: Especially the school girls benefit from the new toilet and the wash facilities and their hygienic conditions and privacy.''
  
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'''Technology and operation:''' The UDDT is a sustainable and an appropriate technology in areas without reliable water supply.
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''Environment and natural resources: toilet products of the UDDT are being safely re-used and do not pollute the environment.''
  
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'''Financial and economic issues:''' Affordable solution for the school.
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''Technology and operation: ''Stakeholder involvement helps gain commitment to the new sanitation system.
  
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'''Socio-cultural and institutional aspects:''' Trainings for the students about several sustainability aspects and practical activities in group.
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''Financial and economic issues: in one school the urine can be sold to a farmer.''
  
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=== Project details ===
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''Socio-cultural and institutional aspects: it is important to involve all stakeholders. The new toilets are of special benefit for the school girls.''
  
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Financial support: The Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the German Embassy in Bishkek
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===Project details===
  
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Program: Empowerment and Local Action
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'''Type of project:''' Eco Toilet with wash facilities for the school in Gafurov
  
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Project management and design: CEF UNISON, NGO ALGA
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'''Project period:''' October 01, 2012 until March 31, 2013
  
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Project partners: UNISON, ALGA, WECF
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'''Start of operation:''' 2012
  
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'''''NGO ALGA''' was founded as a voluntary public organization. Its mission: to improve rural women's status and standard of living via stimulation of women's awareness of their realities, develop their capacity for personal development, strengthen their participation in development activities, and advocate for their rights.''<br/>
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'''Project scale:''' 55 schools, 776 school children and teachers, conducting 4 trainings for 133 participants
  
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'''''WECF '''(Women in Europe for a Common Future) is a non-governmental organization established in 1994 following the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, to give women a stronger voice in the field of sustainable development and environment.''
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'''Address of project location:''' Tajikistan, Sughd district
  
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Start of activities: 2009
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'''Implementing institution:''' ASDP Nau, supported by WECF
  
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=== Contact===
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'''Supporting agency:''' Dutch ministry of Foreign Affairs, NatraCare
  
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[[File:Partners.JPG|thumb|right|200px]]
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'''''ASDP Nau''''' is a local NGO working on sustainable development and increase of socio – economic status in communities of Tajikistan. UDDTs were installed at seven schools in the Sughd region of Tajikistan by ASDP Nau with support of WECF. Funding came from the Dutch ministry of Foreign Affairs and the company NatraCare.
  
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'''CEF UNISON:'''
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'''''WECF''''' (Women in Europe for a Common Future) is a non-governmental organization established in 1994 following the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, to give women a stronger voice in the field of sustainable development and environment.
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[[File:Logo WECF.jpg|thumb|right|150px]]
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[[File:Logo ASDP Nau.jpg|thumb|right|150px]]
  
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{{No spam|office_unison|saimanet.kg}}
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===Contact===
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Claudia Wendland
  
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Kyrgyzstan, Chui oblast, Issyk-Ata rayon
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WECF
  
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'''NGO ALGA:'''
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{{No spam|Claudia.Wendland|wecf.eu}}
  
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{{No spam|ngoalga|gmail.com}} <br>
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[http://www.sanitation.wecf.eu sanitation.wecf.eu]
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{{alga|infotel.kg}}
 
  
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Kyrgyzstan, Chui oblast, Issyk-Ata rayont
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Surayo Saidova
  
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Zherkazar, Aydarbekova 35
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Agency for Support Development Process Nau (ASDP Nau)
  
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'''WECF Germany/Netherlands/France:'''
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{{No spam|surayosaidova|agencynau.tj}}
  
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[http://www.wecf.eu/ wecf.eu]
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[http://www.agencynau.tj agencynau.tj]
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Dr. Claudia Wendland: {{No spam|claudia.wendland|wecf.eu}}
 
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''Please contact WECF for information about other sanitation projects in the EECCA region''.
 

Latest revision as of 01:16, 16 July 2016

Country: Tajikistan

Tajikistan: Ecological Sanitation for Rural Areas

Basic data:

New UDDT were realised and equipped with handwashing facilities. NGO ASDP Nau involved the community and the children in all steps of the project. Thanks to the education measures and active students, the acceptance was raised.

The project and the experiences:

A student in rural Tajikistan reported about the typical situation in his school: “Our toilet, a pit latrine, is more than 30 years old and, as a result, half of the roof is missing, some parts of the wall are broken. When it rains it is not possible to use the toilet, because rain enters into the inside of the toilet and wooden floor, which was already old and rotten, became slippery. My classmate during her visit to the school toilet fell down to the toilet. Fortunately she wasn’t alone and her classmate helped her to get out.”

Due to the lack of toilet paper, students sometimes used stones or dried cow dung lying around the school building for anal cleansing which creates high risk for WASH related diseases such as helminth infections. During menstruation, the girls are especially in trouble as they do not have any privacy in these latrines.

The teachers reported that they did not drink in the morning to avoid going to the pit latrine during classes.

The school director asked the local NGO Agency for Support Development Process Nau (ASDP Nau) to renovate the toilet. The installation of urine-diverting dry toilets (UDDT) in separated blocks for boys and girls were suggested by ASDP Nau as this technology has been proven to be suitable and sustainable.

The new UDDT were realised and equipped with handwashing facilities which led to a high satisfaction among both boys and girls. However, the improvements and privacy provided is more important to the girls of the school. Guzal, a female student, says: “Now we are happy that we have a good toilet. It is equipped with all the necessary items. There is water for washing hands and a hygienic space, which is very necessary for us, girls. The girls of our school didn’t come to school during the menstruation period, because they did not have a safe place to go, but now our new toilet has a door, a roof and girls are not afraid anymore to attend the school during the menstruation.”

The school was able to find a local farmer willing to purchase the urine collected at the school. The income generated helps the school cover part of the cost of supplies including toilet paper and soap.

ASDP Nau involved the community and the children in all steps of the project: informing, consulting, planning, implementation, monitoring, decision making process, management, etc. The design of the facility was developed in cooperation with an architect of the region, and the plan was approved by the relevant institutions. It is important to agree on responsibilities and duties of the school and a Memorandum of Understanding clarifying these issues is usually signed by the head of the local Jamoat (municipality), ASDP Nau, and representatives from the school, and the school receives the grant and is responsible for construction and maintenance of the sanitation facility.

Still, it took time for students to get used to the new toilet because the use of a new type of toilet needs some time for acceptance, and education was an important part of that process. “It is a very sensitive issue. In one case we experienced that the students were too shy to go to the new school toilet as they were afraid to make it dirty so that they were still using the old pit latrine. Thanks to the education measures and active students, we could raise the acceptance,” says Surayo from ASDP Nau. Therefore she recommends the removal of former pit latrines in addition to awareness raising activities.

The key lessons of the story:

Especially school girls benefit from ecosan toilets and washing facilities in rural Tajikistan.

Sustainability Criteria

Health and Hygiene: Especially the school girls benefit from the new toilet and the wash facilities and their hygienic conditions and privacy.

Environment and natural resources: toilet products of the UDDT are being safely re-used and do not pollute the environment.

Technology and operation: Stakeholder involvement helps gain commitment to the new sanitation system.

Financial and economic issues: in one school the urine can be sold to a farmer.

Socio-cultural and institutional aspects: it is important to involve all stakeholders. The new toilets are of special benefit for the school girls.

Project details

Type of project: Eco Toilet with wash facilities for the school in Gafurov

Project period: October 01, 2012 until March 31, 2013

Start of operation: 2012

Project scale: 55 schools, 776 school children and teachers, conducting 4 trainings for 133 participants

Address of project location: Tajikistan, Sughd district

Implementing institution: ASDP Nau, supported by WECF

Supporting agency: Dutch ministry of Foreign Affairs, NatraCare

ASDP Nau is a local NGO working on sustainable development and increase of socio – economic status in communities of Tajikistan. UDDTs were installed at seven schools in the Sughd region of Tajikistan by ASDP Nau with support of WECF. Funding came from the Dutch ministry of Foreign Affairs and the company NatraCare.

WECF (Women in Europe for a Common Future) is a non-governmental organization established in 1994 following the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, to give women a stronger voice in the field of sustainable development and environment.

Logo WECF.jpg
Logo ASDP Nau.jpg

Contact

Claudia Wendland

WECF

Claudia.Wendland@wecf.eu

sanitation.wecf.eu

Surayo Saidova

Agency for Support Development Process Nau (ASDP Nau)

surayosaidova@agencynau.tj

agencynau.tj

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