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绳泵

6 bytes added, 21:40, 31 December 2019
起源
====起源====
这种近乎直观的设计曾以很多名字闻名,比如佛珠泵(出现念珠祈祷后,因为造型与佛珠相似而得名),戽子水轮(Noria)泵,解放泵或者链条垫圈泵,但工作原理都是相同的。 这种原理可以追溯到2000年前,还处在封建社会的中国<ref> Fraenkel, Peter, and Thake, Jeremy. [http://www.washdoc.info/docsearch/title/118633 Water Lifting Devices, A handbook for users and choosers], 3rd ed. UK, Rugby: Intermediate Technology Publications Ltd, 2006.</ref>。西方最早的相关记载<ref> Olsen, J. P. [httphttps://wwwutorontopress.mlahanas.decom/Booksus/GreekRomanMechanicalWaterLiftingDevices.html greek-and-roman-mechanical-water-lifting-devices-1 Greek & Roman Mechanical Water-Lifting Devices: The History of a Technology]. Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press, 1984. </ref> 是由一位名叫Tacolla的文艺复兴早期锡耶纳派工程师在大约1433年记录的版本<ref> Tacolla, Mariano. ''De Ingeineis'', Liber Primus Leonis, Liber Secundis Draconis, Addenda. c. 1433, folio 80. </ref>。右图为该版本的副本<ref>Weisbaden, Ludwig, ed. et al. [http://digital.library.cornell.edu/k/kmoddl/pdf/037_001.pdf Facsimile of De Ingeineis], Liber Primus Leonis, Liber Secundis Draconis, Addenda [online]. Germany: Satz Und Druck, 1984. [April 2009]</ref>。 在20世纪70和80年代,这个基础设计被很多人沿用下来,其中最著名的有Demotech慈善公司的R.van Tijen,以及J.Haemhouts<ref>Sandiford, Peter, et al. [http://www.washdoc.info/docsearch/title/116194 The Nicaraguan Rope-pump]. ''Waterlines'', January 1993, Vol. 11 (3).</ref> <ref> Lammerink, M.P. et al. [http://www.ircwash.org/resources/evaluation-report-nicaraguan-experiences-rope-pump-final-report EVALUATION REPORT NICARAGUAN EXPERIENCES WITH ROPE PUMP] The Netherlands: IRC, 1995. </ref>和R.Lambert<ref>Lambert, R. A. [http://www.washdoc.info/docsearch/title/110481 How to make a rope-and-washer pump]. London: Intermediate Technology Design Group, 1990.</ref>。 他们维持简单的设计,以谋求经济和社会的发展,并利用成本低廉的多功能塑料构成了现代的绳泵设计。他们将这种泵做为一种自制的浅井汲水泵。然而,早期设计的泵却没有真正投入使用。直到1988年,绳泵才在尼加拉瓜真正被改良制造成功,改良者是荷兰发展组织的Van Hemert,和西班牙绳泵公司的Alberts。为了能进行商业销售,他们将泵改造成致密金属材质,由当地的私人公司进行生产和出售。V.Hemert和Alberts <ref>Alberts, J. H. [http://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Alberts-2004-Rope.pdf The rope-pump - an example of technology transfer]. ''Waterlines'', January 2004, Vol. 22 (3), 22-25.</ref> Holtslag。
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