Difference between revisions of "秋千汲水篮"
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| − | [[Image:swing basket2.jpg|thumb|200px|Lifting the water: a swing basket--a simple but very energetic method. Photo: [http://www.greatmirror.com/index.cfm?navid=169 India Themes: Irrigation 1: Ancient Methods.]]] | + | [[Image:swing basket2.jpg|thumb|200px|Lifting the water: a swing basket--a simple but very energetic method. Photo:打水：swing basket——简单有效的方法。图片来源：[http://www.greatmirror.com/index.cfm?navid=169 India Themes: Irrigation 1: Ancient Methods.]]] |
| − | The swing basket is made from cheap materials like woven bamboo strips, leather, or iron sheet to which four ropes are attached. Two people hold the basket facing each other, they dip the basket into the surface water and the basket is lifted by swinging it and emptied into an irrigation channel from which point the water flows to the fields. The work demands heavy physical activity, with adoption of awkward body movements and posture. Yet it can also be operated by women and minor members of the family. The frequency of operation is about 15 to 20 swings/minute. This lifter can be used at depths of up to 1.2 m. Typical flow rates of 60 to 80 l/min are obtained at depths of 0.75 m. | + | The swing basket is made from cheap materials like woven bamboo strips, leather, or iron sheet to which four ropes are attached. Two people hold the basket facing each other, they dip the basket into the surface water and the basket is lifted by swinging it and emptied into an irrigation channel from which point the water flows to the fields. The work demands heavy physical activity, with adoption of awkward body movements and posture. Yet it can also be operated by women and minor members of the family. The frequency of operation is about 15 to 20 swings/minute. This lifter can be used at depths of up to 1.2 m. Typical flow rates of 60 to 80 l/min are obtained at depths of 0.75 m. 秋千汲水篮由廉价的材料制成，如，竹条、皮革或铁片，并用四条绳子系住。需要两人面对面拉住篮子，浸入地表水中，再将篮子拉起并倒入灌溉渠，流入田中。这是一项重体力活，采用的动作姿势较特别。但也可由家庭中的妇女和孩子操作。操作频率约为15至20提/分钟。提水装置可在最深为1.2米处运作。在0.75米深处流速可达60至80升/分钟。 |
| − | === | + | ===适宜条件=== |
| − | Swing baskets are popular in India and Bangladesh. | + | Swing baskets are popular in India and Bangladesh.秋千汲水篮在印度和孟加拉国普遍使用。 |
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" | ||
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| − | ! width="50%" style="background:#efefef;" | | + | ! width="50%" style="background:#efefef;" | 优势 |
| − | ! style="background:#f0f8ff;" | | + | ! style="background:#f0f8ff;" | 不足 |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | valign="top" | - Simple, inexpensive technology which can be locally made and maintained <br> | + | | valign="top" | - Simple, inexpensive technology which can be locally made and maintained 技术简易、廉价，可在当地制作与维护<br> |
| − | - Easy to operate by both adults and | + | - Easy to operate by both adults and children操作简易，成人及儿童均可操作 |
| − | | valign="top" | - Limited to lifts of less than 1.2 m <br> | + | | valign="top" | - Limited to lifts of less than 1.2 m 最高提升1.2米<br> |
| − | - Limited water yield 60-80 l/min suitable for small | + | - Limited water yield 60-80 l/min suitable for small fields出水量最大为60-80升/分钟，适用于小型农田<br> |
- Low efficiency (10-15%), big human effort with significant | - Low efficiency (10-15%), big human effort with significant | ||
| − | water spillage | + | water spillage 低效率（10-15%），重体力，且水会溢出 |
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| − | |[[Image:swing basket3.jpg|thumb|center|200px|Lifting water from irrigation channel using a swing basket. Photo: [http://www.iloencyclopaedia.org/component/k2/103-farming-systems/manual-operations-in-farming MANUAL OPERATIONS IN FARMING.]]] | + | |[[Image:swing basket3.jpg|thumb|center|200px|Lifting water from irrigation channel using a swing basket. Photo: 用秋千汲水篮从灌溉渠打水。图片来源：[http://www.iloencyclopaedia.org/component/k2/103-farming-systems/manual-operations-in-farming MANUAL OPERATIONS IN FARMING.]]] |
| − | |[[Image:swing basket.jpg|thumb|center|200px|Using a swing basket to dump water into an irrigation canal. Drawing: [http://www.cd3wd.com/cd3wd_40/cd3wd/Practact/KnO-100410-human_animal_water_lifters.pdf Practical Action.]]] | + | |[[Image:swing basket.jpg|thumb|center|200px|Using a swing basket to dump water into an irrigation canal. Drawing: 用秋千汲水篮将水倒入灌溉渠中。图片来源：[http://www.cd3wd.com/cd3wd_40/cd3wd/Practact/KnO-100410-human_animal_water_lifters.pdf Practical Action.]]] |
| − | |[[Image:swing basket4.jpg|thumb|center|200px|Direct irrigation onto field using the swing basket. Photo: [http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Agriculture Banglapedia.]]] | + | |[[Image:swing basket4.jpg|thumb|center|200px|Direct irrigation onto field using the swing basket. Photo: 用秋千汲水篮直接灌溉农田。图片来源：[http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Agriculture Banglapedia.]]] |
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| − | === | + | ===鸣谢=== |
| − | * Jane Olley. [http://www.cd3wd.com/cd3wd_40/cd3wd/Practact/KnO-100410-human_animal_water_lifters.pdf HUMAN & ANIMAL POWERED WATER-LIFTING DEVICES FOR IRRIGATION.] Practical Action, November 2008. | + | * Jane Olley. [http://www.cd3wd.com/cd3wd_40/cd3wd/Practact/KnO-100410-human_animal_water_lifters.pdf HUMAN & ANIMAL POWERED WATER-LIFTING DEVICES FOR IRRIGATION.] Practical Action, November 2008.用于灌溉的人力与畜力提水装置. Practical Action（实践基金会）. 2008年11月. |
| − | * [http://www.iloencyclopaedia.org/component/k2/103-farming-systems/manual-operations-in-farming MANUAL OPERATIONS IN FARMING.] International Labor Organization. | + | * [http://www.iloencyclopaedia.org/component/k2/103-farming-systems/manual-operations-in-farming MANUAL OPERATIONS IN FARMING.] International Labor Organization.农业中的人工操作. International Labor Organization（国际劳工组织）. |
Revision as of 15:00, 11 January 2016
Lifting the water: a swing basket--a simple but very energetic method. Photo:打水：swing basket——简单有效的方法。图片来源：India Themes: Irrigation 1: Ancient Methods.
The swing basket is made from cheap materials like woven bamboo strips, leather, or iron sheet to which four ropes are attached. Two people hold the basket facing each other, they dip the basket into the surface water and the basket is lifted by swinging it and emptied into an irrigation channel from which point the water flows to the fields. The work demands heavy physical activity, with adoption of awkward body movements and posture. Yet it can also be operated by women and minor members of the family. The frequency of operation is about 15 to 20 swings/minute. This lifter can be used at depths of up to 1.2 m. Typical flow rates of 60 to 80 l/min are obtained at depths of 0.75 m. 秋千汲水篮由廉价的材料制成，如，竹条、皮革或铁片，并用四条绳子系住。需要两人面对面拉住篮子，浸入地表水中，再将篮子拉起并倒入灌溉渠，流入田中。这是一项重体力活，采用的动作姿势较特别。但也可由家庭中的妇女和孩子操作。操作频率约为15至20提/分钟。提水装置可在最深为1.2米处运作。在0.75米深处流速可达60至80升/分钟。
适宜条件
Swing baskets are popular in India and Bangladesh.秋千汲水篮在印度和孟加拉国普遍使用。
| 优势 | 不足 |
|---|---|
| - Simple, inexpensive technology which can be locally made and maintained 技术简易、廉价，可在当地制作与维护 - Easy to operate by both adults and children操作简易，成人及儿童均可操作 |
- Limited to lifts of less than 1.2 m 最高提升1.2米 - Limited water yield 60-80 l/min suitable for small fields出水量最大为60-80升/分钟，适用于小型农田 |
 Lifting water from irrigation channel using a swing basket. Photo: 用秋千汲水篮从灌溉渠打水。图片来源：MANUAL OPERATIONS IN FARMING. |
 Using a swing basket to dump water into an irrigation canal. Drawing: 用秋千汲水篮将水倒入灌溉渠中。图片来源：Practical Action. |
 Direct irrigation onto field using the swing basket. Photo: 用秋千汲水篮直接灌溉农田。图片来源：Banglapedia. |
鸣谢
- Jane Olley. HUMAN & ANIMAL POWERED WATER-LIFTING DEVICES FOR IRRIGATION. Practical Action, November 2008.用于灌溉的人力与畜力提水装置. Practical Action（实践基金会）. 2008年11月.
- MANUAL OPERATIONS IN FARMING. International Labor Organization.农业中的人工操作. International Labor Organization（国际劳工组织）.
