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手钻-三脚架钻井机

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鸣谢
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[[Image:drilling icon.png|right|80px]]
[[Image:Vonder rig in action.jpg|thumb|right|200px|正在搭建三脚架钻井机]]
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三脚架钻井机是一种[[Hand auger - general|手钻]]的方式,它包含重型三脚架、绞车和工作台。这种方式在津巴布韦和非洲撒哈拉以南地区广泛使用。切削刀具(钻头)通过旋转钻入地下,然后抽出并去除挖出物。重复操作直到达到了理想的深度。
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===修建、运作和维护===
[[Image:Diagram of a vonder rig.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Diagram of a vonder rig三脚架钻井机的图示. Credit图片来源: WEDC.]]
三脚架钻井机使用三脚架和工作台,因此比传统的工具更贵,但同时也能保证垂直钻井。
三脚架钻井机在马拉维、肯尼亚、南非和津巴布韦广泛使用。
===Manuals, videos and links指南、视频和链接===* KOEGEL, R. (1985) Self Help Wells自助式水井, FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper灌溉和排水论文, FAO, Rome.ISBN 92-5-100398-X [http://www.fao.org/docrep/X5567E/X5567E00.htm html version].
* CARTER, R. C. (2005) Human-Powered Drilling Technologies人工钻井技术. an overview of human-powered drilling technologies for shallow small diameter well construction, for domestic and agricultural water supply 人工修建小型浅层水井的技术及家用或农业用水供应概况, Silsoe College , Cranfield University , Bedfordshire, UK [http://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/402 Download下载]
* 'Private Sector Participation in Low Cost Water Well Drilling'“低成本钻井中私有企业的参与”, Cranfield University, 2001. Article on private sector participation in low cost water well drilling in Africa有关非洲低成本钻井中私有企业的参与的文章. [https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/bitstream/1826/3038/1/Private%20Sector%20Participation%20in%20Low%20Cost%20Water%20Well%20Drilling-2001.pdf Download下载].
* Rural Water Supply Network 农村水供应网络- Useful network and website for information and downloads related to Rural Water Technologies 提供农村用水技术信息与相关下载的实用互助网和网站 - [http://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/implementation/manual-drilling Hand drilled wells人工钻井]. General 常规 [http://www.rural-water-supply.net website].
* Drilling Boreholes for Hand pumps使用手泵钻井, Peter Wurzel, Skat, Switzerland瑞士, 2001 - A book on hydrogeology, well construction, drilling techniques, well development 这本书讲述水文地质学、修井、钻井技术和建井工程 - [http://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/148 Download]. Website of [http://www.skat.ch SKAT]网站
* Low-cost shallow tube well construction in West Africa西非低成本管井的修建, M. Sonau, FAO - An overview of shallow tube well drilling techniques 浅层管井技术概况 - [http://www.fao.org/docrep/w7314e/w7314e0v.htm website]. Website of [http://www.fao.org/documents/ FAO documents]网站.
* Technical note 43技术报告43. Simple drilling methods简易钻井方法, Bob Elson and Rod Shaw, WEDC - An overview of simple drilling methods 简易钻井方法概况[http://www.lboro.ac.uk/well/resources/technical-briefs/43-simple-drilling-methods.pdf Download下载]. Website of [http://www.lboro.ac.uk/well/resources/technical-briefs/ Loughborough University Technical Briefs section]网站. Website of [http://www.lboro.ac.uk/well/ Loughborough University WELLS]网站.
* A Water Handbook世界水资源, Technical Guidelines Series技术报告系列, UNICEF, 1999 - Programming and implementation计划和实施. [http://www.unicef.org/wash/files/Wat_e.pdf Download下载].
* [https://www.dropbox.com/s/dc2lhxx7p657i2v/WaterAid_technology_notes.pdf?dl=0 Technology notes, section 7; Tube wells and boreholes], WaterAid - An overview of human-powered drilling technologies. Website of [http://www.wateraid.org/uk Wateraid.org].
* Water for the World世界水资源, Technical note series 技术报告系列 rws 2, USAID 1982 - Technical notes on methods of developing of groundwater, manual drilling techniques开发地下水方法和人工钻井技术报告. [http://www.lifewater.org/resources/ground_water.html Website Livewater International].
* Multi-service procedures for well-drilling operations钻井操作的多重业务流程, [http://navybmr.com/study%20material/14080a/14080A_ch9.pdf field manual chapter 9, US Military], alternative well construction, manual drilling techniques其他建井和人工钻井技术.
===Acknowledgements鸣谢===* The basis for the material on this page was obtained from a desk study shortly to be published on the website of the 本页的材料源于即将在[http://www.practicafoundation.nl/ Practica Foundation], and from the 网站以及[http://www.rural-water-supply.net/ Rural Water Supply Network]中发表的初步研究, and specifically its 尤其是其中的[http://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/implementation/manual-drilling manual drilling manual drilling section人工钻井部分].
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