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多用途服务 (MUS)

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{{Language-box|english_link=Water Portal / Rainwater Harvesting / Multiple Use Services (MUS)|french_link=Français: coming soonLes Services d’eau à usages multiples (MUS)|spanish_link=Servicios para usos múltiples (MUS)|hindi_link=वाटर पोर्टल / वर्षाजल संचयन / बहुउपयोगी सेवा (एमयूएस)|malayalam_link=വിവിധോപയോഗ ജല സേവനങ്ങള്‍ (MUS) | tamil_link=Coming soon| swahili_link=Lango la Maji / Uvunaji wa Maji ya Mvua / Huduma ya Matumizi Mengi (HMM)|korean_link=다용도 서비스(MUS) | chinese_link=多用途服务 (MUS) | indonesian_link=Layanan Multiguna (Multiple Use Services, MUS) | japanese_link= 複合利用サービス(MUS)}}

[[Image:Multiple Use Services (MUS) - Nepal.jpg|thumb|right|200px|尼泊尔的多用途供水系统能为农民提供安全的饮用水和滴灌用水，帮助他们应对气候变化。 图片： [http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/nov2010/2010-11-22-03.html USAID和温洛克国际]]]

<font size="3" color="#995e8c">多用途水供应是一项全面的、可持续的供水方法， <br>能够改善健康、改善生活。</font>

[[Image:MUS graphic.png|thumb|none|500px|图表： [httphttps://www.rockefellerfoundationwinrock.org/uploadstopic/files/6017a66b-db64-46ca-97ff-2db8e873cc04.pdf 洛克菲勒基金会water Winrock International]]]

====农宅规模的MUS: 人均每天50-200公升====

'''1. 水:''' 多用途水供应并非只是在一个社区里重复着同样的技术。 若要创造出成功的、可持续的供水服务，选择正确的技术尤为重要。 选择正确的扶持计划（支配、管理和培训）也同样重要，因为这能保证供水的长期可持续性。

[[File: MUS water chart.png|thumb|none|500px|点击缩放。 图表： [httphttps://www.rockefellerfoundationwinrock.org/uploadstopic/files/6017a66b-db64-46ca-97ff-2db8e873cc04.pdf water 温洛克国际]]]

管理是扶持计划的一个关键因素。 设计管理架构时要与用水者合作，将用水者的资源和局限考虑在内。 管理结构可以是社区形式（由企业委员会或企业代表团进行管理），也可以是私人形式（由个人、家庭或小团进行体管理）。

'''2. 健康:''' 提供适宜饮用的水，会对健康产生重大的影响。 在项目资源允许的情况下，设计额外的健康活动（卫生、消毒和营养）可让新型供水的健康效应实现最大化。 在评估过程中获得的信息，以及水供应设计的结果，能给项目中应该涵盖的健康活动提供参考。

[[File: MUS health chart.png|thumb|none|500px|点击缩放。 图表： [httphttps://www.rockefellerfoundationwinrock.org/uploadstopic/files/6017a66b-db64-46ca-97ff-2db8e873cc04.pdf water 温洛克国际]]]

'''3. 生计:''' 提供全面的水供应服务，便可以改善生计。 在项目资源允许的情况下，设计额外的生计活动（农业、畜牧、贸易）可以增加收入，增加包括教育在内的更多机会，扩大项目影响。

[[File: MUS livelihoods chart.png|thumb|none|500px|点击缩放。 图表： [httphttps://www.rockefellerfoundationwinrock.org/uploadstopic/files/6017a66b-db64-46ca-97ff-2db8e873cc04.pdf water 温洛克国际]]]

===实地经验===

===指南，视频和链接===

* [http://www.nwp.nl/_docs/Smart-solutions-3R.spread.pdf 3R Smart Solutions]* PDF: [httphttps://www.rockefellerfoundationspring-nutrition.org/uploadssites/default/files/6017a66bpublications/reports/spring_report_multiple-db64use_water_services.pdf Multiple-46caUse Water Services: Toward a Nutrition-97ff-2db8e873cc04Sensitive Approach].pdf 水多用途服务指南]IFAD. 温洛克国际。

* [http://www.musgroup.net/ 水多用途服务组织].

* IWMI report - [http://www.musproject.net/redir/content/download/584/5342/file/IWMI%20research%20report%2098%20multiple%20use%20water%20services.pdf Multiple-Use water services to advance the millennium development goals].

* AlbertsSmet, HJ.E.M., Lammerink, M.P., Brikke, F. and Van der Zee, JBredero, M., Belli, A. J, Engelhardt, B. 20041995. [http://www.ircircwash.nlorg/redirresources/content/download/6802/105351/file/TP41_BeyondDomestic.pdf A multievaluation-report-nicaraguan-experiences-rope-pump-final-sectoral approach to sustainable rural water supply: The role of the report Evaluation report Nicaraguan experiences with rope pump in Nicaragua: final report], and Robinson, P. Mathew, B., and Proudfoot, D. 2004. Productive water strategies for poverty reduction in Zimbabwe. Both in: Beyond domestic. Case studies on poverty and productive uses of water at the household level. IRC Technical Papers Series 41.* Polak, P. et al, 2004. [http://www.ircircwash.nlorg/redirresources/content/download/6802/105351/file/TP41_BeyondDomestic.pdf beyond-domestic-case-studies-poverty-and-productive-uses-water-household-level Transforming access to rural water into profitable business opportunities]. In Beyond domestic. Case studies on poverty and productive uses of water at the household level.] IRC Technical Papers Series 41.

* Schouten, T.; Moriarty, P. 2003. Community water, community management – From system to service in rural areas. The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre and ITDG

* IWMI report - [http://www.musproject.net/redir/content/download/584/5342/file/IWMI%20research%20report%2098%20multiple%20use%20water%20services.pdf Multiple-Use water services to advance the millennium development goals].

* Nepal (SIMI) Smallholder Market Initiative. 2004. Process and impact study of the multiple-use (hybrid) gravity water supply schemes in Palpa and Syangja Districts of West Nepal. Kathmandu: Eco-Tech consult (P) Ltd. S.* [http://wwwpdf.winrockusaid.orggov/factpdf_docs/factsPDACP099.asp?CC=5463&bu=9055 Winrock factsheetpdf Nepal Smallholder Irrigation Market Initiative (SIMI)], SIMI.

* [http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/Water_Policy_Briefs/PDF/wpb18.pdf Taking a multiple-use approach to meeting the water needs of poor communities brings multiple benefits]. IWMI (2006)

===鸣谢===

* Models For Implementing Multiple-Use Water Supply Systems For Enhanced Land And Water Productivity, Rural Livelihoods And Gender Equity – Multiple Use Systems (MUS). [http://ongoing-research.cgiar.org/factsheets/models-for-implementing-multiple-use-water-supply-systems-for-enhanced-land-and-water-productivity-rural-livelihoods-and-gender-equity-multiple-use-systems-mus/ Ongoing research - CIGAR.]

* [http://www.rockefellerfoundationjsi.orgcom/uploadsJSIInternet/filesInc/6017a66b-db64-46ca-97ff-2db8e873cc04Common/_download_pub.pdf cfm?id=15089&lid=3 A Guide to Multiple-Use Water Services]. Winrock International. ===该文章的其他语言版本===[[വിവിധോപയോഗ ജല സേവനങ്ങള്‍ (MUS)| 马拉雅拉姆语 - മലയാളം]]

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