__NOTOC__ <small{{Language-title />box|english_link= Traditional hand-dug wells | french_link= Coming soon | spanish_link= Coming soon | hindi_link= Coming soon | malayalam_link= Coming soon | tamil_link= Coming soon | swahili_link=coming soon | korean_link= Coming soon | chinese_link=传统人工钻井 | indonesian_link= Coming soon | japanese_link= Coming soon }}
[[Image:traditional hand dug well.png|right|80px]]
[[Image:StoneLiningHandDugWell.jpg|thumb|right|200px| 人们正在人工井中放置石衬砌. 墨西哥恰帕斯州. 图片来源: [http://www.flickr.com/photos/aamv/366661815/ 玛雅村庄工程.]]]
* 应该在旱季的后半段（地下水位最低时）挖井。
Where deepening the well further is not possible due to water/sand ingress, jetting in the bottom of the well can provide a means of faster recharge into the well from deeper in the aquifer, meaning the well dries up less quickly. In this case a larger diameter screen (can be wrapped with geotextile) is jetted into the well base with the end protruding above the bottom of the well, after which it is plugged using a small bag of gravel. 如果由于进水或进沙无法继续加深水井，在水井底部进行喷射可以使得水从更深的含水层中更加快速地流入水井，这意味着水井干涸的速度减缓。因此应该先利用一小袋砾石将大口径滤网（可由土木织物包裹）堵住，然后再喷射至水井基底（水井底部凸起的部分）。
如果水井在旱季仍持续干涸，应在水井的上游进行补给。
简化修建方法，得到更优质成品的同时达到更安全的效果。使用衬砌或伸缩衬砌更加安全，并无需再使用重型起重设备吊起预制混凝土。衬砌使用一体式模具制成，模具中装满混凝土并靠在井身，而伸缩井身可以由弯道砖砌成地基环刀，必要时可加长。
===Costs费用===Hand-dug wells can provide a viable alternative to unhygienic, unprotected sources while avoiding the capital and maintenance costs associated with sophisticated drilling programmes or reticulated pumped systems. A range of lining types and water lifting technologies can be chosen to match the financial and management capacity of the participants in the water supply process.人工井可替代不卫生并且不受保护的水源，同时也不用花费与钻井或建设和维护网状泵系统相关的费用。在水供应过程中，可选择适合参与者财务和管理能力的衬砌类型和提水技术。
===Field experiences实地经验===The following projects are utilizing hand dug well techniques. 下列工程使用人工钻井技术。
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===Manuals, videos and links指南、视频和链接===* [http://www.indiawaterportal.org/articles/well-revival-effort-sees-many-other-benefits Well revival effort sees many other benefits修复水井有诸多好处] A community drive to revive wells in Mokhla talab near 乌代浦(Udaipur results in water security for longer periods of time as well as making leaders out of women)附近Mokhla Talab村的社区修复水井促使水安全更持久及女领导的诞生.* [http://www.indiawaterportal.org/articles/experiments-community-wells Experiments with 'community wells'“社区水井”实验] Mobilized farmers in 调动马哈拉施特拉邦(Maharashtra)杜利亚县(Dhule, Maharashtra, show how communities can use groundwater as a common resource in an organised and collective manner)的农民积极性表明社区可如何通过合作有序利用地下水这种公共资源.* [http://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/256 Hand dug shallow wells 人工浅井 (Skat)]. Includes construction information plus covers lining options包括修建信息以及衬砌方式. Also a good section on environmental, social, and cultural considerations有关环境、社会、文化因素的章节. 瑞士科技管理发展合作中心(Swiss Centre for Development Cooperation in Technology and Management).* 农村水供应网络网站中的[http://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/implementation/hand-dug-wells Hand Dug Wells人工钻井] section of the Rural Water Supply Network website 部分 * [http://www.consallen.com/ Consallen]. An excellent guide to a relatively safe method of digging hand dug wells by the highly experienced British Drilling Company经验丰富的英国钻井公司提供的人工钻井安全方法指南. * [http://www.fao.org/docrep/X5567E/x5567e06.htm#5.%large%diameter%wells Large Diameter Wells大口径水井]. An excellent but slightly outdated summary of hand dug wells by Koegel编著的人工钻井总结（内容丰富但稍显过时）, made available by the UN 可在联合国粮食及农业组织( FAO)官网中查询.* [http://www.clean-water-for-laymen.com/hand-dug-wells.html Hand Dug Wells and Other Manual Methods to Dig a Well Have Been in Existence for Thousands of Years人工钻井和其他钻井方法已有上千年历史]. Compares different methods of digging a well比较不同的钻井方法, includes hand-dug method包括人工钻井.* Old style of excavated wells in India印度老式钻井法: [http://www.greatmirror.com/index.cfm?navid=169 India Themes印度主题: Irrigation 1灌溉1: Ancient Methods传统方法.]
===Acknowledgements鸣谢===* CARE Nederland荷兰, Desk Study初步研究: [[Resilient WASH systems in drought-prone areas|干旱地区适应性的WASH系统]] October 2010.10.* Collins, Seamus, [http://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/256 Hand dug shallow wells 人工浅井 (Skat)]. Swiss Centre for Development Cooperation in Technology and Management瑞士科技管理发展合作中心. 2000.