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sys1=[[Single Pit System |1]]|
sys2=[[Blackwater Treatment System with Infiltration|56]]|sys3=[[Blackwater Treatment System with SewerageEffluent Transport|67]]|
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pic=Transfer_station_underground_holding_tank.png|
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ManShared=X|
ManPublic=XX|
Input1=Faecal Sludge|Input2= |Input3= | Input4= |Input5=|Output1= Faecal Sludge | Output2= | Output3= | Output4= | Output5=
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|[[Image:Transfer_station_underground_holding_tank.png |right|500px]]
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[[Image:Icon_transfer_station_underground_holding_tank.png |right|95px80px]]'''Sometimes termed Underground Holding Tanks, Transfer Stations act as intermediate dumping points for faecal sludge when it cannot be easily transported to a (Semi-) Centralized Treatment facility. A vacuum truck must empty Transfer Stations when they are full.'''
<br>Operators of Human-Powered or small-scale [[Motorized Emptying and Transport | Motorized Sludge Emptying Equipment]] (see C.2 and C.3) discharge the sludge at a local transfer station rather than illegally dumping it or travelling to discharge it at a remote treatment or disposal site. When the Transfer Station transfer station is full, a vacuum truck empties the contents and takes the sludge to a suitable treatment facility. If the municipality Municipalities or sewerage authority is operating the Transfer Station they authorities may charge for permits to dump in at the Transfer Station transfer station to offset the cost costs of operating and maintaining the facility. In urban settings, transfer stations have to be carefully located, otherwise odours could become a nuisance, especially, if they are not well maintained.
A variation is the [[Sewer Discharge Station | sewer discharge station (SDS)]], which is like a Transfer transfer station, but is directly connected to a [[Conventional Gravity Sewer main (for more information, refer to [[Sewer Discharge Station|Sewer Discharge Stationsconventional gravity sewer]])main. Sludge emptied into the SDS is released into the sewer main either directly or at timed intervals into the sewer main (e.g., by pumping) to optimize the performance of the sewer and of the wastewater treatment plant, and/or reduce peak loads. Transfer stations can be equipped with digital data recording devices to track quantity, input type and origin, as well as collect data about the individuals who dump there. In this way, the operator can collect detailed information and more accurately plan and adapt to differing loads.
The system for issuing permits or charging access fees must be carefully designed so that those who most need the service are not excluded because of high costs, while still generating enough income to sustainably
operate and maintain the transfer stations.
<br>{{procontable | pro=- Reduces Makes sludge transport distance and may encourage to the treatment plant more communityefficient, especially where small-level emptying solutions. scale service providerswith slow vehicles are involved <br> - May reduce the illegal dumping of faecal sludge. <br> - Moderate capital and operating costs; Costs can be offset with access permits. <br> - Potential for local job creation and income generation. | con=- Requires expert design and construction supervision. <br> - Sludge requires secondary treatment and/or appropriate discharge.Can lead to odours if not properly maintained
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==Adequacy=Appropriateness=== Transfer stations are appropriate for dense, urban areas where there are no alternative discharge points for faecal sludge. Establishing multiple transfer stations may help to reduce the incidence of illegal sludge dumping and promote the emptying market. Transfer stations are especially adequate where small-scalesludge emptying takes place. In big cities, they can reduce the costs incurred by truck operators by decreasing transport distances and waiting times in traffic jams. Local service providers can discharge sludge at transfer stations during the day, while large trucks can empty the tanks and go to the treatment plant at night when traffic is light.
Transfer Stations stations should be located where they are especially appropriate for denseeasily accessible, convenient, urban areas where there is no alternative discharge point (eand easy to use.g. faecal sludge thickening pond). Multiple Transfer Stations in Depending on their maintenance, odours could become a city may help problem to reduce local residents. However, the incidence of benefits gained fromthem compared to open-air illegal sewage dumping. The quality and quantity of the faecal sludge will significantly affect the treatment technology that is subsequently requiredgreatly offset any nuisances.
===Health Aspects/Acceptance=== Transfer stations are adequate when there are many locations where have the potential to significantly increase the health of a community by providing an inexpensive, local solution for faecal sludge disposal. By providing a transfer station, independent or small-scale service providers are no longer forced to illegally dump sludge emptying , and homeowners are more motivated to empty their pits. When pits are regularly emptied and illegal dumping is practiced. The construction minimized, the overall health of a Transfer Station may also stimulate the independent-emptying market. The site for the Transfer Station should community can be easily accessible, conveniently located, and easy to usesignificantly improved. The underground holding tank location must be well constructed carefully chosen to prevent leaching maximize efficiency and/or surface water infiltration. Depending on the maintenance of the facility, minimize odours can be unappealing and problems to local nearby residents. However, the benefits gained compared to open-air dumping would likely offset the odour nuisance.
==Health Aspects/Acceptance=Upgrading===Transfer stations are relatively common in North America. There, they are equipped with digital data recording devices to track quantities, input types and origin, as well as collect data from the individuals who dump there. In this way, the facilitators can collect detailed information and more accurately plan and adapt to the changing loads.
===Acknowledgements===
{{:Acknowledgements Sanitation}}