[[Image:refilled well.jpg|thumb|right|150px250px|Refilled well]][[Image:rooted reservoir well.jpg|thumb|right|150px250px|rooted reservoir well]]
Refilled wells are commonly used in Asia and in other parts of the world. A well is excavated with temporary walls. A ferrocement tank is then placed in the bottom. A pipe and pump are installed, after which the well is refilled with soil. The advantage of this is that building them is very inexpensive, since the walls do not need to be coated. The water is also protected better against contamination. However when the water table drops during years of drought, no possibility exists to deepen them.
For this reason the EMAS rooted reservoir well is the ideal solution in areas with weak aquifers with limited water supply. Here a well is excavated with a reservoir tank above the water table, in solid soil. A pipe is drilled deeper into the weak aquifer. When the water level is high, water can be directly pumped. If the water is not pumped, it collects in the tank, to be used during dry spells.
EMAS is the acronym for Escuela Móvil de Agua y Saneamiento (Mobile School for Water and Sanitation), in Bolivia, whose director, Wolfgang Eloy Buchner, developed the EMAS pump in the 1990's.
EMAS is not only the name of the mobile school for water and sanitation, but also a whole technical and social concept of water and sanitation which includes rain water harvesting, solar water heaters, windpower, hydraulic rams, water treatment, small tanks and sinks, a variety of hand and foot pumps, and ferrocement tanks. The aim of the technologies and systems is to achieve the necessary supply of drinkable water, and water for micro irrigation in rural and sub urban areas.
==Suitable Conditions==
The system is suitable for aquifers which are not always suitable for direct pumping, since the water supply is unreliable.
{{procontable | pro=
- Much less costly than excavated wells <br>
}}
==History and Social Context==EMAS is the acronym for Escuela Móvil de Agua y Saneamiento (Mobile School for Water and Sanitation), in Bolivia, whose director, Wolfgang Eloy Buchner, developed the EMAS pump in the 1990's. EMAS is not only the name of the mobile school for water and sanitationConstruction, but also a whole technical operations and social concept of water and sanitation which includes rain water harvesting, solar water heaters, windpower, hydraulic rams, water treatment, small tanks and sinks, a variety of hand and foot pumps, and ferrocement tanks. The aim of the technologies and systems is to achieve the necessary supply of drinkable water, and water for micro irrigation in rural and sub urban areas. ==Suitable Conditions== The system is suitable for aquifers which are not always suitable for direct pumping, since the water supply is unreliable. ==Technical Specification== ==== Operation==maintenance==
You begin with the usual [[Jetting - EMAS method |exploration drilling]] of the EMAS system. When testing, if you observe that the aquifer of the well is not sufficient for direct pumping, you should set up a ferro cement tank, to provide an extra water supply.
| ferrocement tank]]").
====Maintenance==Costs==
====Manufacturing==Field Experiences==
==CostReference manuals, videos, and links==
==Country ExperiencesAcknowledgements==