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Irrigation - Spate

429 bytes added, 18:32, 29 May 2012

→‎Suitable conditions

==Suitable conditions==

Spate irrigation occurs in areas as varied as South Asia, the Middle East, West Africa, North Africa, the Horn of Africa, Central Asia and Latin America. Spate irrigation is typically found in arid and semi-arid regins, where highlands border plains. It uses seasonal floods for irrigation – but as the floods differ from year to year the area served by it fluctuates widely.

 

Wadi catchments generally have sparse vegetation cover, and thin rocky soils. Soils are exposed to raindrop impact and soil crusting, which results in a low infiltration capacity. Storm rainfall generates local overland flow, which converges into wadi channel networks, generating spate flood run off events. Runoff generation is usually localised, reflecting the size of convective rainfall cells that generate run off events.

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