Akvopedia-spade, akvouser, bot, bureaucrat, emailconfirmed, smwadministrator, smwcurator, susana-working-group-susana-member, administrator, widget editor
697
edits
Changes
→References
{|width="100%"
|style="width:50%;"|{{santable_new|
Input1=Effluent |Input2= |Input3=| Input4=|Input5=|
Output1=Biomass |Output2= | Output3= | Output4= | Output5=
}}
|[[Image:Aquaculture_ponds.png |right|300px500px]]
|}
<br>
----
* fish grown directly in [[Aerated Pond|aerobic ponds]] (T.5 or T.6).
Fish introduced into aerobic ponds can effectively reduce algae and help control the mosquito population. It is also possible to combine fish and [[Floating Plant Pond|floating plants ]] (D.10) in one single pond. The fish themselves do not dramatically improve the water quality, but because of their economic value they can offset the costs of operating a treatment facility. Under ideal operating
conditions, up to 10,000 kg/ha of fish can be harvested. If the fish are not acceptable for human consumption, they can be a valuable source of protein for other high-value carnivores (like shrimp) or converted into fishmeal for pigs and chickens.
===References===
* Cross, P. and Strauss, M. (1985). [https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/352.0-86HE-6547.pdf Health Aspects of Nightsoil and Sludge Use in Agriculture and Aquaculture]. International Reference Centre for Waste Disposal, Dübendorf, CH. * Edwards, P. and Pullin, R. S. V. (Eds.) (1990). Wastewater-Fed Aquaculture. Proceedings: International Seminar on Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse for Aquaculture, Calcutta, IN. (Book compilation of topical papers)
* EdwardsIqbal, P. and Pullin, R. S. V(1999). (Eds[https://www.) (1990)susana. Wastewaterorg/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-Fed publications/library/details/3063 Duckweed Aquaculture. Proceedings: International Seminar on Potentials, Possibilities and Limitations for Combined Wastewater Reclamation Treatment and Reuse for AquacultureAnimal Feed Production in Developing Countries]. Eawag (Department Sandec), CalcuttaDübendorf, INCH. (Compilation of topical papers)
* IqbalJohnson Cointreau, S. (19991987). Duckweed [https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/351.1-4910.pdf Aquaculturewith Treated Wastewater: A Status Report on Studies Conducted in Lima, Peru. Technical Note No. Potentials3, Possibilities and Limitations for Combined Wastewater Treatment and Animal Feed Production in Developing CountriesIntegrated Resource Recovery Project]. Eawag (Department Sandec)The World Bank, DübendorfWashington, CHD.:Available at: [http://wwwC.sandec, US.ch sandec1987.ch]
* Johnson Cointreau, S. Joint FAO/NACA/WHO Study Group (19871999). Aquaculture with Treated Wastewater: A Status Report on Studies Conducted in Lima, Peru. Technical Note No. 3, Integrated Resource Recovery Project. The World Bank, Washington, D.C., US. 1987.:Available at: [httphttps://documentswww.worldbankwho.orgint/curatedfoodsafety/enpublications/home documents.worldbank.org/curatedaquaculture/en/homeFood Safety Issues Associated with Products from Aquaculture]. WHO Technical Report Series 883. World Health Organization, Geneva, CH.
* Joint FAO/NACA/WHO Study Group Mara, D. D. (19992003). Food Safety Issues Associated with Products from Aquaculture. WHO Technical Report Series 883. World Health Organization, Geneva, CH.:Available at: [httphttps://www.whopseau.int whoorg/outils/ouvrages/earthscan_ltd_domestic_wastewater_treatment_in_developing_countries_2003.intpdf Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Developing Countries]. Earthscan, London, UK. pp. 253-261.
* MaraRose, DG. D. (20031999). [https://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/2997 Community-Based Technologies for Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Developing Countriesand Reuse: Options for Urban Agriculture]. EarthscanInternational Development Research Centre (IDRC), LondonOttawa, UK. pp. 253-261CA.
* Rose, G. D. (1999). Community-Based Technologies for Domestic Wastewater Treatment and Reuse: Options for Urban Agriculture. International Development Research Centre WHO (IDRC2006), Ottawa, CA.:Available at: [httphttps://www.sswmwho.infoint/water_sanitation_health/publications/gsuweg3/en/library sswmGuidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater.info/libraryVolume 3: Wastewater and Excreta Use in Aquaculture]. World Health Organization, Geneva, CH.
* WHO (2006). Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater. Volume 3: Wastewater and Excreta Use in Aquaculture. World Health Organization, Geneva, CH.:Available at: [http://www.who.int who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/guidelines-on-sanitation-and-health/en/ WHO: Guidelines on sanitation and health - 2018]
===Acknowledgements===
{{:Acknowledgements Sanitation}}